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With the exception of artillery shells that are a weapon and ammunition in one, all small arms need ammunition. They can be carried by two people or a team, transported in a small vehicle or on a pack animal and must be operated by a team.
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So-called light weapons are heavy machine guns, grenade launchers, portable tank and air defence missiles, recoilless rifles, portable rocket launchers and mortars up to a calibre of 100mm. As a rule of thumb, small arms have a calibre (internal diameter of the barrel) of less than 12.7 mm. It defines so-called small weapons as revolvers, self-loading pistols, carbines and rifles, assault rifles, machine pistols and light machine guns (all can be operated by one person). The UN definition for SALW differentiates between small and light weapons. Moreover, while modern armies require many types of sophisticated weapons, even the smallest and weakest military force will be equipped with small arms. Small arms often play a role in non-state conflicts and are the weapons preferred by criminals and politically motivated groups.
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And, even though many weapons such as sticks, knives and even spears are still used today, small arms-pistols, rifles and related arms-are almost invariably involved. When people resort to violence in this way, arms that can be handled by one person are the preferred choice. Often, such conflicts become violent, because people feel they are unable to agree.